Ovarian tumors, which affect women of all ages, often do not have apparent symptoms in a large percentage of cases. It heightens the risk of delayed diagnosis and treatment initiation.
Certain ovarian tumors have the ability to self-resolve without medical intervention. However, as some tumors increase in size, they may exhibit symptoms such as minor to severe lower abdominal pain, abdominal pressure, and bloating.
Research indicates that approximately 20–25% of women in India develop ovarian tumors. Hormonal imbalances, pregnancy, endometriosis, and severe pelvic infections are listed among the potential causes.
Complications can arise if these tumors rupture, necessitating immediate medical intervention. Symptoms of a ruptured ovarian cyst include sudden, intense abdominal pain accompanied by fever or vomiting, along with weakness, dizziness, chills, and clammy skin.
Regular pelvic examinations and screenings can detect ovarian tumors. Imaging tests such as pelvic ultrasound are available in hospitals. If ovarian tumors are found, doctors can decide treatment based on the size of the tumor.
Overview of Ovarian Tumors
These growths, occurring on the ovaries (female reproductive organs responsible for egg production), can be either benign or malignant. The symptoms of ovarian tumors include: stomach bloating, increased belly size, stomach or pelvic pain, constipation or frequent urination, feeling full fast while eating, painful cramps during menstruation, lower back pain, nausea or vomiting, pain during sexual intercourse, and vaginal bleeding post-menopause.
Types
- Benign: Develops as an abnormal mass of tissue either on or inside the ovary. If untreated, it can progress into a malignant tumor.
- Malignant: Comprises cancerous cells forming an abnormal tissue mass.
- Surface epithelial tumors: Most common, developing in ovary surface cells, prevalent among women over 50.
- Stromal tumors: Occur in the area producing reproductive hormones, rarely malignant.
- Germ cell tumors: Develop in cells becoming eggs, predominantly in younger women, are mostly benign but can turn cancerous.
Prevention
- Maintaining a healthy diet with whole, fresh foods and limiting processed items, Engaging in regular exercise
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Avoiding smoking
- Taking birth control pills, which may lower your risk of ovarian cancer
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